Every day vs. Everyday

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Present Perfect or Simple Past?

Introduction

There are some differences between the Present Perfect Tense and the Simple Past Tense.

Has the time period finished?

Rule	Example	Explanation
The present perfect is used when the time period has NOT finished.	I have seen three movies this week.	(This week has not finished yet.)
The simple past is used when the time period HAS finished.	I saw three movies last week.	(Last week has finished.)

Passive Voice Practice

Basketball game to practice the passive voice

Conditionals

There are four kinds of conditionals

The Zero Conditional:
(if + present simple, ... present simple)
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
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The First Conditional:
(if + present simple, ... will + infinitive)
If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema.
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The Second Conditional:
(if + past simple, ... would + infinitive)
If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.
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The Third Conditional
(if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle)
If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train.
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Reflexive pronouns and "each other"

When the Subject and the Object in a sentence refer to the same person or thing we use a Reflexive Pronoun.

Subject Pronouns	Reflexive Pronouns
I	Myself
You	Yourself
He	Himself
She	Herself
It	Itself
We	Ourselves
You (pl)	Yourselves
They	Themselves

If you are using YOU in the plural, the reflexive pronoun is yourselves.
Examples of sentences using reflexive pronouns:
My daughter likes to dress herself without my help.
I taught myself to play the guitar.
My cat always licks itself.

When to use reflexive pronouns

Just, Still, Already, Yet

These words are often used with the present perfect tense although yet, still and already can all be used with other tenses.

Just

‘Just’ is usually used only with the present perfect tense and it means ‘a short time ago’.

I’ve just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
Mike’s just called. Can you ring him back please?
Have you just taken my pen? Where has it gone?

In the present perfect, ‘just’ comes between the auxiliary verb (‘have’) and the past participle.

Yet

SO, SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH

Too

Use: Too means there is a lot of something. It shows a negative opinion.
It’s too hot = It is very hot and I don’t like it.

Form:

• You can use too before an adjective.

It’s too cold. My trousers are too small.

• You can also use it before an adverb,

You walk too fast. James speaks too quietly.

• Before a noun, use too much (uncountable nouns) or many (countable nouns).

I ate too much food.
I ate too many sandwiches.

• You can also use too much after a verb.

I ate too much.
Paul drinks too much.

Enough

Future Tenses

Will

This is the form that most people immediately associate with the future tense, but it is in fact restricted in its use. It has two main functions.

 - the first is to talk about unplanned or spontaneous future events;

 - the second is for predictions that are not based on current evidence.

Some examples should help to clarify the different meanings:

(The telephone rings) I'll get it.

I'll make us a cup of coffee.